It is not uncommon for the second generation Mercedes E-Class to lose the power in its steering assistance due to a system failure occurring within the control unit. Although the mechanical steering will be maintained, it naturally takes far greater input from the driver. When this fault occurs, in addition to the greater physical effort required, a warning both visually displayed on the dashboard and audibly via a signal tone, will be obvious.
If the problem is not caused by a fault in the power steering control unit, there may well be no warning light or tone, which means that the issue is likely to be caused by faulty or worn steering parts.